Motorpump alignment is the process of aligning shaft centerlines between a motor and a pump. Shaft alignment tolerances historically, shaft alignment tolerances have been governed by the coupling manufacturers design specifications. Failure to achieve proper alignment, a condition referred to as misalignment, will result in increased pump vibration, decreased bearing life, and has the potential. In isolation each strategy can help to reduce unexpected machine failure. But usually a pump and electromotor have different coefficients of thermal growth and it is very important. Pdf basic shaft alignment workbook for industrial rotatin. Stan shows you how to perform an alignment in just one or two moves using dial indicators and the vertizontal compound move method. Alignment report hung seng huat engineering product co. Slow changes in alignment can indicate changes in foundations that require correction in the long term. The original function of a flexible coupling was to accommodate the small amounts of shaft misalignment remaining after the completion of a shaft alignment using a straight edge or feeler gauges. There is more to proper shimming of a machine for alignment than meets the eye.
Oct 08, 2017 shaft alignment is the process of aligning two or more shafts with each other to within a tolerated margin. For ease of use, the reverse dial formula has been incorporated into a shaft alignment data form, shown in figure 50. Basic shaft alignment workbook for industrial rotatin n1achincrv. Find best questions related to pump alignment, pump piping and get pump alignment, pump piping qa.
Never run the pump dry inlet valves to be fully open when pump is running running the pump at zero flow or below the recommended minimum flow continuously will cause damage to the seal. It uses two dial indicators, one on each shaft, to measure the parallel and angular misalignment as shown in figure 21. The suggested tolerances shown on the following pages are general values based upon over 20 years of shaft alignment experience at. Jul 26, 2014 alignment procedure taking alignment readings step no. Dec 17, 2011 eugene vogel is a pump and vibration specialist at the electrical apparatus service association easa, st. This second edition is the result of over 38 years of hard work and many thousands of hours of writing, testing, retesting, and testing again the alignment related formulas the author has developed on his own. The shaft alignment training course provides a highly practical knowledge of the use of dial gauge in coupling alignment. The shafts of the pump and drive unit must be closely aligned.
They should be used only if no other tolerances are prescribed by existing inhouse standards. The main purpose of shaft alignment is to make sure that the center line of the motor rotor shaft coincides with the center line of the driven machinery i. Shaft alignment training course ppt presentation and machine. Pump alignment report format free download as word doc.
By filling in the appropriate information into the proper boxes, the required shim changes for correcting both the angular and offset misalignments can be determined. Proper alignment of the pump shaft with the driver can reduce vibration and significantly improve reliability. The wastewater operator chose to have this pump laser aligned by the crane engineering service team and the noise from the bearings quickly subsided. This measurement will be made by using dial indicators that measure in 0. The book is reference material on rotating machinery basics, pump overhaul, mechanical seals, basic vibration, and shaft alignment. Make sure that you always view the pump from the same direction in order for you to keep the left and right directions correct. The alignment of misaligned shaft are done by using different types of shaft alignment methods which are mention below. Soft foot is a common issue when aligning rotating equipment. Dial gauge alignment procedure in covered with detailed animation. Shaft alignment industrial wiki odesie by tech transfer. The alignment training is suitable for technicians undertaking machine alignment, coupling alignment, motor alignmnet, pump alignment, etc. This method of shaft alignment was common practice in many plants, provided a flexible coupling was used, it was considered good enough to eyeball the.
Shaftdesigner is a userfriendly multiproject, multishaft and multistate 3d computer aided engineering system for ship propulsion train calculations and. A motor with a starting temperature of 70 f is perfectly aligned to the pump shaft it will be driving. Cte, new videos added to cte skills library the importance of shaft alignment. First and foremost, you should be using high quality precut slotted stainless steel shims, such as lawton precut ss304 shims. Fire pump overview fire pump unit defined a fire pump is a device that provides the required water flow and pressure for a fire protection system. Dec 17, 2011 proper alignment of the pump shaft with the driver can reduce vibration and significantly improve reliability. Benefits, methods of proper pump to motor alignment. A little misalignment at the power end of the pump is a lot of misalignment at the wet end, and unfortunately that is where the seal. For maintenance personnel in drinking water and wastewater. For example, the only correct way to express shaftalignment tolerances is in.
Reverse alignmentunderstanding centerline measurement by c. These factors can cause perfectly aligned shafts to be misaligned out of tolerance while operating. A millwrights guide to motor pump alignment by tommy b. There are several things you should keep in mind and look out for. This is probably the most common configuration of coupled machines in industry. Rim and double face dial alignment formula method rotating. For appropriate applications, the time, expertise and instruments needed to achieve precision alignment tolerances of less than 0. Ive only done this with estimateandtry and do that again until its close enough. With skf s proprietary stateoftheart shaftdesigner software you can quickly and easily calculate shaft and propeller alignment.
Peterson alignment tools company has been manufacturing and distributing high quality shaft alignment systems and related components for the power transmission industry since 1978. Figure 1 shows the best alignment that can expect from the three most prevalent alignment methods practiced in the industrial, worldwide. For this training, you will perform the alignment with the shafts uncoupled and the indicators mounted in direct contact with the rim and face of the movable shafts coupling. In the pump business alignment means that the centerline of the pump is aligned with the centerline of the driver. Shaft alignment is the process to align two or more shafts with each other to within a tolerated margin. Alignment accuracy is critical to pump and driver longevity as stated above, and generally the better the alignment the longer the pump and driver bearing life. Fixture mounting procedures are obviously dependent on the specific type of hardware being used. Although this alignment was always a consideration with packed pumps, it is critical with sealed pumps.
A millwrights guide to motor pump alignment tommy b. A millwrights guide to motor pump alignment tom harlon on. The rimface method is recognized as the oldest method of shaft alignment. With the coupling broken, mount the fixture to the stationary shaft or coupling hub. There are two possible sign conventions for the dial readings. In the article temperature growth influence on the shaft alignment of centrifugal pump unit is examined. The skf tksa 11 is the first instrument on the market that uses inductive proximity sensors, enabling accurate and reliable shaft alignment to. It is an absolute requirement for machinery before the machinery is put in service. Ensure the rim and face dial indicator tir s are properly determined from the dials prior to performing calculations.
Vibration wear energy usage proper alignment increases reliability. Machine alignment for maintenance personnel in drinking water and wastewater facilities. Shaftdesigner is a userfriendly multiproject, multishaft and multistate 3d computer aided engineering system for ship propulsion train calculations and uses a base model to calculate. Proper alignment is the largest factor in determining the life of bearings, seals and couplings. View the machine from the pump end, zero the indicators on the left, and then rotate and read on the right. It is sure to be valuable to novices and professionals alike. Listed below are descriptions of some of the components most closely associated with the unit alignment. In addition to alignment quality and repeatability problems, it can cause of machinery vibration, reduce life in electric motors, and cause internal clearance problems. A practical guide to shaft alignment plant services. Dec 01, 2002 shaft alignment tolerances historically, shaft alignment tolerances have been governed by the coupling manufacturers design specifications. A millwrights guide to motor pump alignment, second edition is the result of over 38 years of hard work and many thousands of hours writing, testing, retesting, and testing again the alignmentrelated formulas the author developed on his own. Several equipment alignment methods, especially the reverse dial indicator method, which is the principle used in laser alignment is covered in explicit detail. The horizontal move is the part of the alignment process that aligns the shafts centerlines from side to side. Shaft misalignment is responsible for as much as 50 percent of all costs related to rotating machinery breakdowns.
Again, reverse alignment is the measurement of one axis to the relative position of an opposing axis. Rim and face alignment formula method tamil rotating. Rarely, if ever, do two machines in a machine train generate the same temperatures during operation. Laser alignment is an essential component of a viable maintenance. This formula is for diagonal soft foot problems only add the soft foot values of the highest feet. Do not run the pump at abnormally high or low flow rates operating at a flow rate higher than normal or at a flow rate with no backpressure on the pump may overload.
Alignment of pumps one of the most important parts of pump setup is making sure that the pump and the drive motor are carefully aligned. Installation, operation, and maintenance manual goulds pumps. Reverse alignmentunderstanding centerline measurement by. Machine type pump motor vertical angle horizontal angle horizontal offset thermal compensation stationary s machine movable m machine vertical offset offset 2. Formula for face and rim alignment calculation mathematics. This 2day course begins with the fundamental principles behind shaft to shaft alignment and concludes with students conducting a series of alignment exercises using conventional alignment tools. Misalignment may account for over 50% of malfunctions in rotating machinery, leading to problems such as worn or broken couplers, vibration, and excessive wear of bearings, seals and wear rings.
Now, they ensure proper alignment of all their pumps before startup. Formula for face and rim alignment calculation free download as word doc. A simple and effective procedure for doing shaft alignment of rotating machinery. Alignment and couplings 3 the reverse indicator method is another shaft alignment method. In other cases, the alignment may be expected and found to be good, but for trending purposes it is desirable to document the current alignment on an ongoing basis. The alignment of the pump flanges to the connecting piping is called flange alignment. We made a minor vertical correction to the inboard end of the pump 10 mils, and aligned the motor back to the pump. The fire pump unit itself consists of a pump, a drive, a driver coupling. Eugene vogel is a pump and vibration specialist at the electrical apparatus service association easa, st.
A former engineer stated that the authors first edition contained more alignment information than the sum total of all other works in the library of congress. Look to us for all of your rotating machinery alignment needs, from alignment kits to. The goal of the alignment process is to create a straight line through the coupling. How does calculating your own alignment targets work. Shaft alignment training course ppt presentation and. Produce pdf reports directly from the display unit and. This course begins with the fundamental principles behind shaft to shaft alignment and concludes with students conducting a series of alignment exercises using conventional alignment tools. Pump and driver alignment in the pump business alignment means that the centerline of the pump is aligned with the centerline of the driver. The motor is the prime mover, transferring power to the pump by the use of a coupling. The primary reasons why machinery is misaligned is lack of proper training, improper tools to do the job, and that people are not given enough time to do it right. Calculation for adjusting shaft alignment the interesting challenge is figuring out how much to moveshim each motor mount to correct for a specific shaft misalignment. The alignment should be checked after the unit is piped and rechecked periodically. Its a simple calculationwe just needed a hot alignment point and a cold or ambient alignment point. All measurements are taken on the rim of the coupling hubs.
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